New Delhi (India), August 21: Doctors recommend thyroid tests to assess your thyroid’s functionality and determine the cause of conditions like hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. The TSH level in a thyroid test measures the Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone produced by the pituitary gland. It regulates thyroid hormone production. Elevated TSH indicates potential hypothyroidism, while low TSH suggests hyperthyroidism. Interpreting TSH levels is crucial for diagnosing thyroid disorders and guiding treatment. The thyroid test price is minimal, easy on the pocket, and it can be conveniently performed at a nearby pathology lab.
What is Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)?
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), often referred to as TSH or thyrotropin, is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland. Its primary function is to instruct the thyroid on how much T4 and T3 to generate. These hormones work together to run various bodily functions by sending messages to your organs, muscles, and other tissues. These signals guide your body’s several biological functions.
How are TSH levels controlled?
Your body keeps your thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in check through a biological process. This whole process is like a feedback loop, ensuring everything stays in proportion. Here’s how it works:
- Brain signals start the process via the hypothalamus, releasing thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH).
- TRH message travels to the pituitary gland, a control centre, which releases TSH.
- TSH signals the thyroid, a butterfly-shaped gland in your neck, to produce crucial hormones (T4 and T3).
- If thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) become excessive, they signal the pituitary to decrease TSH, maintaining balance.
- This cycle continues, adjusting hormone levels for optimal function.
What are normal TSH levels?
Normal levels of TSH depend on your age. Also, the value ranges for TSH vary slightly among different laboratories. It’s essential to refer to your lab report’s specific reference range for accurate interpretation.
| Age Group | Normal TSH Range (uIU/mL) |
| Infants up to 5 days old | 0.7 – 15.2 |
| Infants 6 to 90 days old | 0.72 – 11.0 |
| Babies 4 to 12 months | 0.73 – 8.35 |
| Children 1 to 6 years | 0.7 – 5.97 |
| Children 7 to 11 years | 0.6 – 4.84 |
| People 12 to 20 years | 0.51 – 4.3 |
| Adults 21 to 99 years | 0.27 – 4.2 |
What are normal TSH levels during pregnancy?
During pregnancy, TSH and thyroid hormone levels must be in a healthy range for the baby’s proper development. TSH levels change as pregnancy progresses.
| Trimester | Normal TSH Range (uIU/mL) |
| First trimester | 0.18 – 2.99 |
| Second trimester | 0.11 – 3.98 |
| Third trimester | 0.48 – 4.71 |
How do you test TSH levels?
Healthcare providers check TSH levels with a blood test. They take a blood sample from your arm and analyse it in a lab. No special preparation is usually needed for this test. This is often the first test your doctor orders if you have thyroid-related symptoms.
Low TSH Levels – Hyperthyroidism
Too little TSH often means your thyroid is overactive, causing hyperthyroidism. This can stem from conditions like Graves’ disease or thyroid nodules (these conditions require further testing).
Symptoms of Low TSH (Hyperthyroidism):
- Rapid heartbeat
- Shaky or anxious feelings
- Unexplained weight loss with increased appetite
- Frequent diarrhoea
- Changes in vision, bulging eyes
- Thin, warm, and moist skin
- Enlarged thyroid gland (goitre)
- Irregular menstrual periods
High TSH Levels – Hypothyroidism
Too much TSH can mean your thyroid isn’t producing enough thyroid hormone, leading to hypothyroidism. Hashimoto’s disease is a common cause. If there’s not enough thyroid hormone, the pituitary makes more TSH. Rarely, issues with the pituitary can elevate TSH.
Symptoms of High TSH (Hypothyroidism):
- Fatigue
- Numbness and tingling in hands
- Constipation
- Unexplained weight gain
- Feeling depressed
- Intolerance to cold
- Reduced interest in sex
- Heavy menstrual periods
Are you experiencing similar symptoms? Consider getting tested. The thyroid test price is affordable and can aid in diagnosing the cause and initiating timely treatment. You will get the report on the same day as well.
Interpreting Abnormal TSH Results
Abnormal TSH doesn’t always mean a health issue. Your provider considers several factors:
- Age: Older adults may have slightly higher TSH without problems.
- Pregnancy: TSH changes during pregnancy are regular.
- Severe Illness: Unrelated illnesses can temporarily lower TSH.
- Other Thyroid Tests: Results from other thyroid tests affect TSH interpretation
In conclusion, recognising the significance of TSH levels in thyroid tests is crucial, as they serve as indicators of potential thyroid gland issues. In abnormal levels, your doctor will conduct additional tests to ascertain the underlying cause.